WATER ISSUES IN INDIA
A water resource group said if India continues utilizing water as per the current rate, we will have approximately about half the amount of water India needs by 2030 which is merely 10 years from now. To develop one unit of food India needs no less than twice the amount of water compared to other countries. Regardless of the countries canal systems and large dams, the groundwater accounts for 63% of water utilized for irrigation by farmers: canals result up to only 26%. India’s diminishing groundwater reserves also highly affects our drinking water. Out of 122 countries, India is ranked 120 in the global water quality index. The water crisis in the country, huge impact on the economic cost as a report by the NITI Aayog suggests that water scarcity will severely lead to a 6–percentage loss in the country’s GDP.
Nearly, 50% of India’s population gains no privilege to clean drinking water, and approximately 200,000 people die each year because of the lack of clean drinking water. Farmers face significant distress while cultivating wheat and rice because of water shortage. In some areas, water is present for just three days or merely three hours a week moreover the water prices are escalated. The water crisis and insanitary aquifers are one of the reasons of India’s decreasing economy. As water bodies and reserves get more contaminated India is unable to safeguard the public health, grow the economy, secure social stability and ensure farm productivity. Many vast cities have encountered water scarcity in recent years, Chennai facing the most issues in 2019. The water crisis caused damage to the city of 9 million people resulting in shutting down of businesses, several hotels, and restaurants. The absence of water management planning has caused the rivers to either dry up or have been polluted. Between 2007 – 2017 the continuous usage of groundwater resulted in the decrease of the groundwater level by 61 % according to the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB).
At the city of Latur, the exhaustion of more than 90 % of water caused damaging health issues and people were forced to dig borewells. Risking themselves with contamination and exposure to hazardous chemicals. Water issues also dangers the lives of wild animals in the country as they need to stay hydrated as well. Even though India is a vast country with diverse climate and geography it does not have universal water policies. No proper rules are available for the usage of water by different states and areas. Currently, the level of water crisis is proven by the years 2001 - 2011 where the annual per capita of water availability fell by 15%. More than 20% of the country’s diseases were caused by contaminated water in India. Many cities produce almost a total of 40,000 million litres of sewage per day. Most of which is dumped into water reserves which is fed into ground water and is used for agriculture or citizens house.
To improve water management in India, the country needs to establish more sewage plants. Stop factories dumping chemical waste into water bodies and manage plans to uplift the country’s current situation.






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